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The Galapagos islands, positioned nearly 600 miles west from the continent of South America, is probably the best possible destination to see evolution throughout their purely natural splendor.

Named, in Spanish language, after the species that is definitely the most famous of the island archipelago: The Galapagos Tortoise; the Galapagos boasts a number of clusters of minor dainty islands which all are created of undersea volcanoes eruptions.

Situated on the equator, the Galapagos gains everyone of the bonuses of this global placement because the 16 islands have sunny climatic conditions throughout the year! If that wasn’t sufficient they are on the crossroads for 2 extremely important trade winds: The North East trade winds (coming from North & Central America) and the South East winds (coming from South America). These winds are most likely exactly what initiated the influx of self-sufficient life on the island chain – and are considered to have been a major contributor to the large forests spreading over the higher slopes of the islands.

These island of significant natural beauty have ended in the evolution of many diverse, and pretty unique, environments that have in turn allowed the local wildlife, both plants and creatures alike, to evolve in a manner that basically has many experts surprised.

The rest of the Galapagos island chain is also a place of completely unique, inter-dependent, not forgetting fairly spectacular fauna.

When is the best time to visit the Galapagos?

Great Temperature for visiting anytime. Galapagos is over the Equator however the weather conditions are not tropical. Temperatures vary from 69°-84°F / 21°-30°C.

Hot period is from January to June.

Dry and fresh season is from July to December.

To be able to keep the natural beauty of the Galapagos Islands, the Galapagos National Park have decreased the number of guests by requiring ships to wait 14 days prior to returning to the exact same location. This usually means that most boats offer alternating itineraries to cover as many of their best Galapagos sites as possible. All Galapagos boat cruises have between 4-16 passengers, making sure that a more tailored service and experience.

The Galapagos Islands became famous when British scientist Charles Darwin established his ‘Theory of Evolution’ on his findings. Made up of a cluster of around 13 volcanic islands, approximately 95 percent of the area is currently part of the Galapagos National Park system and declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

A Galapagos cruise will offer a truly unique experience. From the stunning landscapes which looks like something from the Jurassic age, to the endemic wildlife with up to 26 species indigenous to these islands and in their natural habitat, there really is nowhere else in the world like the Galapagos Islands.

The Way to Access to the Galapagos Islands

The Jose Joaquin de Olmedo International Airport in Guayaquil (GYE) receives flights out of U.S. cities of Miami and New York, European cities of Amsterdam and Madrid, and important cities of Central and South America. Mariscal Sucre International Airport of Quito (UIO) receives flights from the U.S. through Atlanta, Dallas, Houston, Miami and New York; from Europe via Madrid and Amsterdam; and from many Big cities in Central and Southern America. We advise you to arrive in Ecuador at least two times ahead of your Galapagos Cruise starts and catch your international flight home at least two days following your stay in the Galapagos. You can take benefit of both of these times by visiting Quito, Guayaquil, or their surroundings. As soon as you’ve your trip to mainland Ecuador, getting into the Galapagos Islands is simple. Located almost 1,000 km (600 miles) off of Ecuador’s coast, the only way to travel is by plane. Whether Quito or Guayaquil, there are numerous flights daily that take passengers to the archipelago. You can land on Baltra Island or at Puerto Baquerizo Moreno on San Cristobal Island. TAME, AVIANCA and LAN are the airlines which run these paths. If you’re flying from Quito, you will most likely have a brief stop in Guayaquil on your way to the islands. Reserve your Galapagos tour before you purchase flight tickets to make sure correct dates. Check with your Galapagos cruise or tour company for information on booking your flight to the Galapagos including optimum arrival days to the Islands according to cruise/program plans.

Most of tourists traveling in Galapagos are amazed to be greeted by desert-like vegetation–most are anticipating a continuation of the lush greenery they witnessed on mainland Ecuador. In reality, nearly all the archipelago’s land area is covered by the brown and gray vegetation frequently located in deserts. The Galapagos Islands are situated in the Pacific Dry Belt, also in average ages just the highest altitudes of the larger islands get enough rainfall to support tropical plant life.

In Geological terms, the islands are young, and much of the island’s plant life demonstrates this; several species appear to be in the midst of the evolutionary changes, which makes classifying them a challenging endeavor. To date, the islands are thought to be home to between 552 and 614 native species of plants and approximately 825 introduced species, nearly all introduced by humans. More than 100 of those introduced species have become established in the wild, with a lot of these extremely invasive and of big concern. Three introduced plant species are eradicated. Mainland Ecuador, on the other hand, has about 20,000 species. The discrepancy between species number on the Islands and the southern highlights the fact that the Galapagos Islands are separated from the continent by a hostile saltwater barrier reducing the prospect of birth and, once a plant has come, institution is difficult because of the harsh surroundings. It is worthy of notice that over 30 percent of indigenous plant species found in Galapagos are endemic (not found anywhere else in the world).

The flora of Galapagos could be grouped into three major vegetation zones: the coastal zone, the more arid zone, and the humid highlands.

Coastal plants are observed in the narrow zone close to the shore and are distinctive due to their tolerance to sour conditions. Mangrove trees are among the most common plants found within this zone, and they serve a significant role since the breeding sites for many birds, such as pelicans and frigate birds. They also provide much needed shade regions such as iguanas and sea lions, as well as refuges for sea turtles.

The dry region has become the most broad zone in Galapagos and is comprised of plant species that are highly adapted to drought-like conditions, such as succulent cacti and leafless shrubs that flower and grow leaves only in the brief rainy season.

Located above the dry zones would be the very lush and green, humid zones. In parts of the zone, Scalesia trees form a very dense forest in the humid zone, using their branches adorned with mosses, liverworts, and epiphytes–non-parasitic plants that use larger trees just for support. The humid zone is only located on the larger, larger islands. Nearly all islands in the archipelago do not rise in altitude over the arctic zone.

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